2700 - I2P(I)2022_Hu_Lab10 Scoreboard

Time

2022/12/19 18:40:00 2022/12/19 20:40:00

Clarification

# Problem Asker Description Reply Replier Reply Time For all team

# Problem Pass Rate (passed user / total user)
13774 Mom, don't do that 3.0
13782 Super Idol (lab10)

13774 - Mom, don't do that 3.0   

Description

Modified from 13752 - Mom, don't do that 2.0.

To further improve our security, we modify our encoding rule:

First, you'll be given a number n, and you'll use to get a binary string Sn, following the representation:

  • S0 = "0"
  • S1 = "1"
  • Si = (Si-1)  + ("1") + (reverse(invert(Si-1))) + ("0") + (invert(reverse(Si-2))) for i > 1

Reverse means that after such a function, the order of the binary string will be reversed(e.g., reverse(100) -> 001).

Invert means that after such a function, all the bits will become its inverse(e.g., invert(011)-> 100).

For example, S2 is "11001", and S3 is "1100110110000".

Next, there will be given indexes k, indicating the position of choosing element in the decoded binary string Sn.

So, your job is to print all the Sn[k], which implies your final password.

Input

The first line is N(1 <= N <= 20) and T(1<= T <= 30), separated by white space.

The next  T lines are the index of chosen element, k(1 < k < len(Sn)).

 

Output

For each test case, print "0" or "1' according to the decoded binary string and the index.

You have to print a '\n' in each line.

Sample Input  Download

Sample Output  Download

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13782 - Super Idol (lab10)   

Description

TWICE is a world-wise famous idol group.

One day, there is a special event for people with fans ID in the range [startend].

Since you are a CS student, you want to check if there are any special relations between the numbers in this range.

 

The way you check these numbers is easy:

There will be T test cases.

For each test case, given the range [startend], you must calculate the bitwise AND of all numbers in this range, inclusive.

For example, [5, 7] will be 5 & 6 & 7, which will be 101 & 110 & 111.

The calculated result is 4(100). 

 

Note that for test case 1~3, there will be only 1 test case; for test case 4~5, there will be multiple test cases.

If you got TLE, please consider the bit relation in these numbers instead of using a brute-force algorithm.

Input

The first line is T(1 <= 50).

The next T lines are the test cases. 

For each test case, are 2 unsigned integers start and end(1 <=  start, end <=2147483647), separated by white space.

Output

For each test case, you have to print a '\n' in the end.

Sample Input  Download

Sample Output  Download

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